Siege of Yorktown

French Artillery Park

6-inch caliber Howitzer

6-inch caliber Howitzer

While the Continental Army’s artillery arm had come a long way since 1775, a siege required the kind of heavy cannon that the Americans lacked in numbers large enough to make a difference. The French, therefore, provided most of the heavy guns, howitzers, and mortars used to batter Yorktown.

"It is to you that I should have surrendered Yorktown, because your so well-aimed guns annihilated my fortifications,” said British General Charles Cornwallis to French Col. Francois D'Aboville, chief of French Artillery, after the surrender. The French were the dominant land power in Europe and would continue to be until the mid-19th century with the rise of Prussia and the eventual German state. They excelled in engineering, the construction of fortifications, and sieges. French artillery was particularly noted for its excellence. French Army officers served in various staff and advisory positions in the Continental Army as instructors in these technical fields.

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